Diseño paisajístico integral de la cuenca “La Marquesa” para la conservación del área natural, a fin de mejorar la calidad de vida de los asentamientos humanos ubicados en la zona

Abstract

The present work arises from the problem of conflicts generated by obtaining water resources (water) in the communities of San Antonio del Batán, Azaya and San Pedro. The research deals with a general approach to the interaction of the population in the territory and the current situation of each of the communities, based on this an analysis of the natural environment, the immediate and immediate environment of the La Marquesa basin, which is located in the middle of the communities of San Antonio del Batán, Azaya and San Pedro, belonging to the parish of the Taberna del Cantón Cotacachi. According to the analysis carried out, a heterogeneous and young population is identified in its majority. The adults are generally engaged in agricultural activity in plots of small size, a situation that evidences the problem of water supply, in the territory there is an invasion of crops in areas that should be classified as protection and conservation zones. From the observed problem arises the proposal of intervention with the purpose of promoting the improvement of the quality of life of the inhabitants by means of the implementation of actions of protection of the natural and cultural resources of the communities, in addition to propitiate the responsibility of its inhabitants the management suitable. The intervention proposal will have two scopes, the first focuses on rural planning, with a land restructuring in the communities of San Antonino del Batán, Azaya and San Pedro, is intended to generate new units of agricultural production and densification in residential areas of each community, to avoid the invasion of crops in the area of the La Marquesa basin. The second scope will contemplate the rural landscaping design in the catchment area of the La Marquesa slope, which will consist of five phases of application. Thus, in the first phase, the design and implementation of a plaza for public use will be carried out, in which there is currently a space for performing rituals and a recreation space. The aim is to incorporate a water interpretation center into this site, in which the process of obtaining this natural resource can be made known and how it is distributed; In the area of the catchment area of the Marquesa slope, trails will be implemented for routes between wetlands, treatment for the entrance of visitors to the slopes of the Virgin where purification baths are practiced and a stairway path through the basin La Marquesa. The second phase contemplates the implementation of a system of permaculture with endemic species and of main consumption for the communities, in the properties of the low zones with the purpose of avoiding the agricultural extension towards the páramos or humedales. In the phases: third, fourth and fifth, every five years in the La Marquesa basin, a reforestation plan will be developed with plant species that will be placed according to the regulations of the Ministry of the Environment because it is the time in which the soil layer It regenerates naturally.