Caracterización molecular de la bacteria Clavibacter michiganensis promotora del cáncer microbiano del tomate riñón (Lycopersicon esculentum mill), en el cantón Urcuquí

Abstract

Crops of kidney tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) are affected by various pathogens, among them the Clavibacter michiganensis bacteria, which produces bacterial cancer that causes harmful effects on both harvest and costs. Controlling the effects of the mentioned bacteria requires knowing specifically the strain that is acting in the culture. For this reason, the general purpose of this project is to molecularly characterize the bacterial Clavibacter michiganensis promoter of bacterial cancer in kidney tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill), in the Urcuquí canton. The molecular characterization process relied on the theoretical foundations proposed by Mota (2008), Romero (2011), Dickinson (2003), Carbajal (2013), regarding the fundamental techniques for carrying out the molecular characterization of a bacterium. To achieve the previously mentioned objective, 13 sampling points were determined, consisting of greenhouses dedicated to the cultivation of kidney tomatoes, of which only two did not mark positive. Subsequently, DNA was extracted from infected samples using the PureLink® Genomic DNA Mini Kit (Invitrogen®) commercial kit, and sent to Macrogen Korea Inc. for sequencing, identifying the disease-causing strain of the cultures, regardless of the phenological stage in which they were, belong to the same closest relative sequence: Clavibacter michiganensis subspecies michiganensis, with an identification percentage of 87.69%, being of the bacterial class Actinobacteria. An electrophoresis process was then carried out and the results obtained by DNA sequencing were ratified, since an average of approximately 270 base pairs (bp) was obtained, coinciding with that indicated by Pastrik and Rainey (1999), in their study on five subspecies of the bacterium Clavibacter michiganensis.