Caracterización genética y metabólica de bacterias en ambientes fríos con actividad antropogénica

Abstract

Temperature is a factor that determines the development, growth and physiology of microorganisms, since it affects their functions and the cell in order to adapt to new conditions, such is the case of psychrophilic bacteria that grow optimally in temperatures ranging from 0 ° C to 15 ° C. Psychrophiles have become an important resource for biological prospecting due to their unique adaptations to cold enzymes at low temperatures. The objective of the present investigation was the molecular and metabolic characterization of bacteria in cold environments in order to evaluate the variability of species in places with greater anthropogenic activity. DNA extraction, polymerase chain reaction and electrophoresis with denaturation gradient were performed. The bands presented in the gels were extracted, purified, amplified and sequenced, resulting in the presence of psychrophilic bacteria of Carnobacterium genus, which have optimal growth and development in cold environments. In the multidimensional scaling of the banding pattern it was observed that all samples have 20% similarity. As for the metabolic characterization of the bacterial communities present, it was placed in the BIOLOG MicroPlate ™ kit, as a result of which 80% of carbon sources were consumed in summer and 20% of carbon sources were consumed in winter.